Dr. ER is a tenured Research Associate at the French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), working at the Vision Institute in Paris. He obtained his Ph.D. in Medical Nanotechnology from the University of Milan through a joint training program with the European School of Molecular Medicine and the University of Oxford, where he specialized in structured illumination and high-resolution microscopy techniques. Following his Ph.D., he completed his first postdoctoral training at the Italian Institute of Technology, focusing on super-resolution imaging technologies. He then joined the Wavefront Engineering Microscopy group at Sorbonne University, led by Dr. Valentina Emiliani, where he applied multiphoton light shaping and optogenetics to achieve precise control of neuronal activity in the mouse brain and retina. Dr. ER’s research has led to various advances in optical neurotechnology, particularly in single-cell two-photon optogenetics and the development of all-optical systems for reading and writing neural circuit activity with light. His current research focuses on developing new optical tools to better understand retinal circuits and help restore vision.